Dona* Marta or Santa* Marta

Translated by Lidiele Nogueira

Review: André Rezende Broseghini and Junia Zaidan

Author: Simone Lopes/Eco Group (Santa Marta).

Introduction

The name for Santa Marta favela comes from the first mass ever to be ministered by Father Velloso, who after      climbing to the top of the hill where it is located,      remembered a biblical passage:

“I climbed to the top of that      hill. Back then,      there weren’t a lot of houses down here. We used to have the mass where today is      the little chapel     . I said: ‘h     ere is going to be the retreat      for Our Lord to rest. Like      Saint Martha, who      was a homemaker      in Palestine and      received Jesus in her house when He      waswere tired. So here we are going to do the same thing. Here is going to be the residence of Saint Martha, and      she will be      this place’s patroness          .” - Father Velloso.

So is it Dona or Santa? Although the Santa Marta neighborhood is located in a hill called Dona Marta, residents did not care about it - they would refer to themselves as residents      of Santa Marta      Besides, nobody living downtown has any interest or worries about this part of the city, let alone what it is called.      

Around 1930, Father Velloso gave that name      and it was officially registered in 1965 as      “Association of the Residents of Santa Marta’s Hill”. The document empowered and gave visibility to the discussions about the structural improvements in the favela.

The excerpt from the Association’s statute below leaves no doubts:    

Art.1º -  The Association of the Residents of Santa Marta’s Hill was founded on October 24, 1965.

Art.2º - It can be recognized by its full name Association      of the Residents of Santa Marta’s Hill or by the initials A.M.M.S.M (Associação dos Moradores do Morro de Santa Marta).

However, everything started to get confusing      when, in 1987,      media outlets      were      discussing      the drug war that was going on in the favela between Zaca and      Cabeludo factions,                     They would publish      their       headlines calling the place      “Dona Marta     ”, after the hill’s original name.      As always, they did not care                      about the people that lived there, but only worried about      exposing      the war and where on the map it was     , which coincidentally      was      Santa Marta hill.

From then on, the residents' fight      for their identity and      history began against      mass m     edia and some residents who accepted the imposition from      the means of communication and religion.

But they finally had a win on November 12, 2007, when      Cesar Maia, the mayor back then, registered,      at the C     ity’s Official Journal     r, the difference between     Dona Marta Hill and           Santa Marta Favela, the last one so      full of life and      stories of      survival and struggles, besides its vibrant           culture present      in the veins of the residents.

The full Journal entry      taken from Jus Brasil’s website

(https://cm-rio-de-janeiro.jusbrasil.com.br/legislacao/292070/decreto-28674-07)

Decree No.      28674 from      November 12, 2007.

THE MAYOR OF RIO DE JANEIRO, in the use of legal attributions and, CONSIDERING that the question regarding the names emerged due to the Dona      Marta lookout     , a tourist      attraction      at the top of the hill.

CONSIDERING that the      Dona Marta Hill was named, as a tribute, after Dona Marta Figueira de Mattos, mother of      vicar Dom Clemente José de Mattos, landlord in the 17th century of the      São Clemente esatet, in Botafogo,      whose      lands would go all the way to the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon. There, Dom Clemente opened paths to the São Clemente C     hapel, that he built him     self -      a      path that is now      São Clemente street; and CONSIDERING that the favela is called Santa Marta because of a statue      of      Saint Martha      located inside a chapel in the uppermost part of the favela. This statue      was taken there by an old resident at the beginning of the 20th      Century. When Father Veloso      arrived in the 1930s,      this little chapel was built to house      the mentioned statue     , sealing the name of the place, DECREES      THAT:

    Art. 1st      Respecting      tradition and history, based on the considerations of this Decree     , the name of the hill           on São Clemente street is           DONA MARTA and the name of the favela is      SANTA MARTA.

              Art. 2nd      This Decree      is valuable from its publication date.

              Rio de Janeiro, November 13, 2007 - 443rd      of      Fundação da Cidade,

              Signed by.: CESAR MAIA.

                                                                     

                                                                     

But the struggle for individualization is not over.      Many media outlets      and diligent journalists are used to referring      to the favela as Santa Marta, even though sometimes it’s referred to as Dona Marta in the subtitles, but the biggest struggle is with some residents who                               keep calling it Dona Marta, to avoid the word “saint”  for religious reasons. It is sad when that happens, so now I ask: Do you go to the city of São Paulo [Saint Paul] or Sr. Paulo [Mr. Paul]? Do you go to the neighborhood of Santa Teresa [Saint Teresa] or Dona Teresa [Lady Teresa]? There are      so many other places in Brazil with      Santo and Santa in their names.

Why does Santa Marta have      to be different?

How do you feel when someone gets      your name wrong? Changing the name of Santa Marta is like erasing      its history, its identity,  and the memory of all of the people that fought hard battles to survive, to stay at the place, to have better living conditions, and for all their rights like      any regular citizen in the world.  

*Santa = Saint in English.

*Dona      = Lady in English.